# include <cstdlib>
# include <iomanip>
# include <iostream>
# include <cmath>
# include <ctime>

using namespace std;

# include "fd2d_heat_steady.hpp"

void boundary ( int nx, int ny, double x[], double y[], int n, double a[], 
  double rhs[] );

//****************************************************************************80

double *fd2d_heat_steady ( int nx, int ny, double x[], double y[], 
  double d ( double x, double y ), double f ( double x, double y ) )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    FD2D_HEAT_STEADY solves the steady 2D heat equation.
//
//  Discussion:
//
//    Nodes are assigned a single index K, which increases as:
//
//    (NY-1)*NX+1  (NY-1)*NX+2  ...  NY * NX
//           ....         ....  ...    .....
//           NX+1         NX+2  ...   2 * NX
//              1            2  ...       NX
//
//    Therefore, the neighbors of an interior node numbered C are
//
//             C+NY
//              |
//      C-1 --- C --- C+1
//              |
//             C-NY
//
//    Nodes on the lower boundary satisfy:
//      1 <= K <= NX
//    Nodes on the upper boundary satisfy:
//      (NY-1)*NX+1 <= K <= NY * NX
//    Nodes on the left boundary satisfy:
//      mod ( K, NX ) = 1
//    Nodes on the right boundary satisfy:
//      mod ( K, NX ) = 0
//
//    If we number rows from bottom I = 1 to top I = NY
//    and columns from left J = 1 to right J = NX, we have
//      K = ( I - 1 ) * NX + J
//    and
//      J = 1 + mod ( K - 1, NX )
//      I = 1 + ( K - J ) / NX
//      
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    29 August 2013
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    Input, int NX, NY, the number of grid points in X and Y.
//
//    Input, double X[NX], Y[NY], the coordinates of grid lines.
//
//    Input, double D ( X, Y ), evaluates the thermal
//    conductivity.
//
//    Input, double F ( X, Y ), evaluates the heat 
//    source term.
//
//    Output, double FD2D_HEAT_STEADY[NX*NY], the approximation to the solution
//    at the grid points.
//
{
  double *a;
  int n;
  double *u;
//
//  Set the total number of unknowns.
//
  n = nx * ny;
//
//  Set up the matrix and right hand side.
//
  a = new double[n*n];
  u = new double[n];
//
//  Define the matrix at interior points.
//
  interior ( nx, ny, x, y, d, f, n, a, u );
//
//  Handle boundary conditions.
//
  boundary ( nx, ny, x, y, n, a, u );
//
//  Solve the linear system.
//
  r8mat_fs ( n, a, u );
//
//  Free memory.
//
  delete [] a;

  return u;
}
//****************************************************************************80

void interior ( int nx, int ny, double x[], double y[], 
  double d ( double x, double y ), double f ( double x, double y ), int n, 
  double a[], double rhs[] )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    INTERIOR sets up the matrix and right hand side at interior nodes.
//
//  Discussion:
//
//    Nodes are assigned a single index K, which increases as:
//
//    (NY-1)*NX+1  (NY-1)*NX+2  ...  NY * NX
//           ....         ....  ...    .....
//           NX+1         NX+2  ...   2 * NX
//              1            2  ...       NX
//
//    Therefore, the neighbors of an interior node numbered C are
//
//             C+NY
//              |
//      C-1 --- C --- C+1
//              |
//             C-NY
//
//    If we number rows from bottom I = 1 to top I = NY
//    and columns from left J = 1 to right J = NX, then the relationship
//    between the single index K and the row and column indices I and J is:
//      K = ( I - 1 ) * NX + J
//    and
//      J = 1 + mod ( K - 1, NX )
//      I = 1 + ( K - J ) / NX
//      
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    29 August 2013
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    Input, int NX, NY, the number of grid points in X and Y.
//
//    Input, double X[NX], Y[NY], the coordinates of grid lines.
//
//    Input, double D ( double X, double Y ), evaluates the thermal
//    conductivity.
//
//    Input, double function F ( double X, double Y ), evaluates the heat 
//    source term.
//
//    Input, int N, the number of nodes.
//
//    Output, double A[N*N], the system matrix, with the entries for 
//    the interior nodes filled in.
//
//    Output, double RHS[N], the system right hand side, with the 
//    entries for the interior nodes filled in.
//
{
  double dce;
  double dcn;
  double dcs;
  double dcw;
  double dx;
  double dy;
  int ic;
  int in;
  int is;
  int jc;
  int je;
  int jw;
  int kc;
  int ke;
  int kn;
  int ks;
  int kw;
//
//  For now, assume X and Y are equally spaced.
//
  dx = x[1] - x[0];
  dy = y[1] - y[0];

  for ( ic = 1; ic < ny - 1; ic++ )
  {
    for ( jc = 1; jc < nx - 1; jc++ )
    {
      in = ic + 1;
      is = ic - 1;
      je = jc + 1;
      jw = jc - 1;

      kc = ic * nx + jc;
      ke = kc + 1;
      kw = kc - 1;
      kn = kc + nx;
      ks = kc - nx;

      dce = d ( 0.5 * ( x[jc] + x[je] ),         y[ic] );
      dcw = d ( 0.5 * ( x[jc] + x[jw] ),         y[ic] );
      dcn = d (         x[jc],           0.5 * ( y[ic] + y[in] ) );
      dcs = d (         x[jc],           0.5 * ( y[ic] + y[is] ) );

      a[kc+kc*n] = ( dce + dcw ) / dx / dx + ( dcn + dcs ) / dy / dy;
      a[kc+ke*n] = - dce         / dx / dx;
      a[kc+kw*n] =       - dcw   / dx / dx;
      a[kc+kn*n] =                           - dcn         / dy / dy;
      a[kc+ks*n] =                                 - dcs   / dy / dy;

      rhs[kc] = f ( x[jc], y[ic] );
    }
  }

  return;
}
//****************************************************************************80

double r8_abs ( double x )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    R8_ABS returns the absolute value of an R8.
//
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    14 November 2006
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    Input, double X, the quantity whose absolute value is desired.
//
//    Output, double R8_ABS, the absolute value of X.
//
{
  double value;

  if ( 0.0 <= x )
  {
    value = + x;
  }
  else
  {
    value = - x;
  }
  return value;
}
//****************************************************************************80

void r8mat_fs ( int n, double a[], double x[] )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    R8MAT_FS factors and solves a system with one right hand side.
//
//  Discussion:
//
//    This routine differs from R8MAT_FSS in two ways:
//    * only one right hand side is allowed;
//    * the input matrix A is not modified.
//
//    This routine uses partial pivoting, but no pivot vector is required.
//
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. 
//
//  Modified:
//
//    21 January 2013
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    Input, int N, the order of the matrix.
//    N must be positive.
//
//    Input, double A[N*N], the coefficient matrix of the linear system.
//
//    Input/output, double X[N], on input, the right hand side of the
//    linear system.  On output, the solution of the linear system.
//
{
  double *a2;
  int i;
  int ipiv;
  int j;
  int jcol;
  double piv;
  double t;

  a2 = new double[n*n];

  for ( j = 0; j < n; j++ )
  {
    for ( i = 0; i < n; i++ )
    {
      a2[i+j*n] = a[i+j*n];
    }
  }

  for ( jcol = 1; jcol <= n; jcol++ )
  {
//
//  Find the maximum element in column I.
//
    piv = r8_abs ( a2[jcol-1+(jcol-1)*n] );
    ipiv = jcol;
    for ( i = jcol+1; i <= n; i++ )
    {
      if ( piv < r8_abs ( a2[i-1+(jcol-1)*n] ) )
      {
        piv = r8_abs ( a2[i-1+(jcol-1)*n] );
        ipiv = i;
      }
    }

    if ( piv == 0.0 )
    {
      cout << "\n";
      cout << "R8MAT_FS - Fatal error!\n";
      cout << "  Zero pivot on step " << jcol << "\n";
      exit ( 1 );
    }
//
//  Switch rows JCOL and IPIV, and X.
//
    if ( jcol != ipiv )
    {
      for ( j = 1; j <= n; j++ )
      {
        t                  = a2[jcol-1+(j-1)*n];
        a2[jcol-1+(j-1)*n] = a2[ipiv-1+(j-1)*n];
        a2[ipiv-1+(j-1)*n] = t;
      }
      t         = x[jcol-1];
      x[jcol-1] = x[ipiv-1];
      x[ipiv-1] = t;
    }
//
//  Scale the pivot row.
//
    t = a2[jcol-1+(jcol-1)*n];
    a2[jcol-1+(jcol-1)*n] = 1.0;
    for ( j = jcol+1; j <= n; j++ )
    {
      a2[jcol-1+(j-1)*n] = a2[jcol-1+(j-1)*n] / t;
    }
    x[jcol-1] = x[jcol-1] / t;
//
//  Use the pivot row to eliminate lower entries in that column.
//
    for ( i = jcol+1; i <= n; i++ )
    {
      if ( a2[i-1+(jcol-1)*n] != 0.0 )
      {
        t = - a2[i-1+(jcol-1)*n];
        a2[i-1+(jcol-1)*n] = 0.0;
        for ( j = jcol+1; j <= n; j++ )
        {
          a2[i-1+(j-1)*n] = a2[i-1+(j-1)*n] + t * a2[jcol-1+(j-1)*n];
        }
        x[i-1] = x[i-1] + t * x[jcol-1];
      }
    }
  }
//
//  Back solve.
//
  for ( jcol = n; 2 <= jcol; jcol-- )
  {
    for ( i = 1; i < jcol; i++ )
    {
      x[i-1] = x[i-1] - a2[i-1+(jcol-1)*n] * x[jcol-1];
    }
  }

  delete [] a2;

  return;
}
//****************************************************************************80

double *r8vec_linspace_new ( int n, double a_first, double a_last )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    R8VEC_LINSPACE_NEW creates a vector of linearly spaced values.
//
//  Discussion:
//
//    An R8VEC is a vector of R8's.
//
//    4 points evenly spaced between 0 and 12 will yield 0, 4, 8, 12.
//
//    In other words, the interval is divided into N-1 even subintervals,
//    and the endpoints of intervals are used as the points.
//
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    29 March 2011
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    Input, int N, the number of entries in the vector.
//
//    Input, double A_FIRST, A_LAST, the first and last entries.
//
//    Output, double R8VEC_LINSPACE_NEW[N], a vector of linearly spaced data.
//
{
  double *a;
  int i;

  a = new double[n];

  if ( n == 1 )
  {
    a[0] = ( a_first + a_last ) / 2.0;
  }
  else
  {
    for ( i = 0; i < n; i++ )
    {
      a[i] = ( ( double ) ( n - 1 - i ) * a_first 
             + ( double ) (         i ) * a_last ) 
             / ( double ) ( n - 1     );
    }
  }
  return a;
}
//****************************************************************************80

void r8vec_mesh_2d ( int nx, int ny, double xvec[], double yvec[], 
  double xmat[], double ymat[] )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    R8VEC_MESH_2D creates a 2D mesh from X and Y vectors.
//
//  Discussion:
//
//    An R8VEC is a vector of R8's.
//
//    NX = 2
//    XVEC = ( 1, 2, 3 )
//    NY = 3
//    YVEC = ( 4, 5 )
//
//    XMAT = (
//      1, 2, 3
//      1, 2, 3 )
//
//    YMAT = (
//      4, 4, 4
//      5, 5, 5 ) 
// 
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    26 July 2013
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    Input, int NX, NY, the number of X and Y values.
//
//    Input, double XVEC[NX], YVEC[NY], the X and Y coordinate
//    values.
//
//    Output, double XMAT[NX*NY], YMAT[NX*NY], the coordinate
//    values of points on an NX by NY mesh.
//
{
  int i;
  int j;

  for ( j = 0; j < ny; j++ )
  {
    for ( i = 0; i < nx; i++ )
    {
      xmat[i+j*nx] = xvec[i];
    }
  }

  for ( j = 0; j < ny; j++ )
  {
    for ( i = 0; i < nx; i++ )
    {
      ymat[i+j*nx] = yvec[j];
    }
  }

 return;
}
//****************************************************************************80

void r8vec_print ( int n, double a[], string title )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    R8VEC_PRINT prints an R8VEC.
//
//  Discussion:
//
//    An R8VEC is a vector of R8's.
//
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    16 August 2004
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    Input, int N, the number of components of the vector.
//
//    Input, double A[N], the vector to be printed.
//
//    Input, string TITLE, a title.
//
{
  int i;

  cout << "\n";
  cout << title << "\n";
  cout << "\n";
  for ( i = 0; i < n; i++ )
  {
    cout << "  " << setw(8)  << i
         << ": " << setw(14) << a[i]  << "\n";
  }

  return;
}
//****************************************************************************80

void timestamp ( )

//****************************************************************************80
//
//  Purpose:
//
//    TIMESTAMP prints the current YMDHMS date as a time stamp.
//
//  Example:
//
//    31 May 2001 09:45:54 AM
//
//  Licensing:
//
//    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
//
//  Modified:
//
//    08 July 2009
//
//  Author:
//
//    John Burkardt
//
//  Parameters:
//
//    None
//
{
# define TIME_SIZE 40

  static char time_buffer[TIME_SIZE];
  const struct std::tm *tm_ptr;
  std::time_t now;

  now = std::time ( NULL );
  tm_ptr = std::localtime ( &now );

  std::strftime ( time_buffer, TIME_SIZE, "%d %B %Y %I:%M:%S %p", tm_ptr );

  std::cout << time_buffer << "\n";

  return;
# undef TIME_SIZE
}