# include <stdlib.h>
# include <stdio.h>
# include <string.h>
# include <math.h>
# include <time.h>

int main ( int argc, char *argv[] );
char ch_cap ( char ch );
int ch_eqi ( char ch1, char ch2 );
int ch_to_digit ( char ch );
double diaphony_compute ( int dim_num, int point_num, double x[] );
int file_column_count ( char *filename );
int file_row_count ( char *input_filename );
int i4_power ( int i, int j );
double r8_abs ( double x );
double r8_modp ( double x, double y );
double *r8mat_data_read ( char *input_filename, int m, int n );
void r8mat_header_read ( char *input_filename, int *m, int *n );
double r8mat_max ( int m, int n, double a[] );
double r8mat_min ( int m, int n, double a[] );
int s_len_trim ( char *s );
double s_to_r8 ( char *s, int *lchar, int *error );
int s_to_r8vec ( char *s, int n, double rvec[] );
int s_word_count ( char *s );
void timestamp ( );

/******************************************************************************/

int main ( int argc, char *argv[] )

/******************************************************************************/
/*
  Purpose:

    MAIN is the main program for DIAPHONY.

  Discussion:

    DIAPHONY reads a table dataset and applies the diaphony test.

  Usage:

    diaphony table_file

  Licensing:

    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.

  Modified:

    25 January 2012

  Author:

    John Burkardt
*/
{
  double d;
  double de;
  int dim_num;
  double e;
  char input_filename[255];
  int point_num;
  double *points;
  int verbose = 0;

  if ( verbose )
  {
    timestamp ( );
    printf ( "\n" );
    printf ( "DIAPHONY:\n" );
    printf ( "  C version\n" );
    printf ( "  Compute the diaphony of a point set.\n" );
  }
/*
  Get the input filename
*/
  if ( 1 < argc )
  {
    strcpy ( input_filename, argv[1] );
  }
  else
  {
    printf ( "\n" );
    printf ( "  Enter the input filename:\n" );
    scanf ( "%s", input_filename );
  }
/*
  Get the data size.
*/
  r8mat_header_read ( input_filename, &dim_num, &point_num );

  if ( verbose )
  {
    printf ( "\n" );
    printf ( "  The spatial dimension is %d\n", dim_num );
    printf ( "  The number of points is %d\n", point_num );
  }
/*
  Read the data.
*/
  points = r8mat_data_read ( input_filename, dim_num, point_num );

  if ( r8mat_min ( dim_num, point_num, points ) < 0.0 )
  {
    printf ( "\n" );
    printf ( "DIAPHONY - Fatal error!\n" );
    printf ( "  At least one coordinate of a point is less than 0.\n" );
    exit ( 1 );
  }
  else if ( 1.0 < r8mat_max ( dim_num, point_num, points ) )
  {
    printf ( "\n" );
    printf ( "DIAPHONY - Fatal error!\n" );
    printf ( "  At least one coordinate of a point is greater than 1.\n" );
    exit ( 1 );
  }
/*
  Analyze the data.
*/
  d = diaphony_compute ( dim_num, point_num, points );

  e = 1.0 / sqrt ( ( double ) point_num );
  de = d / e;

  printf ( "\n" );
  printf ( "  File  M  N  Diaphony  1/sqrt(N)  D/sqrt(N)\n" );
  printf ( "  %s  %2d  %5d  %14.6g  %14.6g  %14.6g\n",
    input_filename, dim_num, point_num, d, e, de );

  free ( points );
/*
  Terminate.
*/
  if ( verbose )
  {
    printf ( "\n" );
    printf ( "DIAPHONY:\n" );
    printf ( "  Normal end of execution.\n" );
    printf ( "\n" );
    timestamp ( );
  }

  return 0;
}
/******************************************************************************/

char ch_cap ( char ch )

/******************************************************************************/
/*
  Purpose:

    CH_CAP capitalizes a single character.

  Discussion:

    This routine should be equivalent to the library "toupper" function.

  Licensing:

    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. 

  Modified:

    19 July 1998

  Author:

    John Burkardt

  Parameters:

    Input, char CH, the character to capitalize.

    Output, char CH_CAP, the capitalized character.
*/
{
  if ( 97 <= ch && ch <= 122 ) 
  {
    ch = ch - 32;
  }   

  return ch;
}
/******************************************************************************/

int ch_eqi ( char ch1, char ch2 )

/******************************************************************************/
/*
  Purpose:

    CH_EQI is TRUE (1) if two characters are equal, disregarding case.

  Licensing:

    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. 

  Modified:

    13 June 2003

  Author:

    John Burkardt

  Parameters:

    Input, char CH1, CH2, the characters to compare.

    Output, int CH_EQI, is TRUE (1) if the two characters are equal,
    disregarding case and FALSE (0) otherwise.
*/
{
  int value;

  if ( 97 <= ch1 && ch1 <= 122 ) 
  {
    ch1 = ch1 - 32;
  } 
  if ( 97 <= ch2 && ch2 <= 122 ) 
  {
    ch2 = ch2 - 32;
  }     
  if ( ch1 == ch2 )
  {
    value = 1;
  }
  else
  {
    value = 0;
  }
  return value;
}
/******************************************************************************/

int ch_to_digit ( char ch )

/******************************************************************************/
/*
  Purpose:

    CH_TO_DIGIT returns the integer value of a base 10 digit.

  Example:

     CH  DIGIT
    ---  -----
    '0'    0
    '1'    1
    ...  ...
    '9'    9
    ' '    0
    'X'   -1

  Licensing:

    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. 

  Modified:

    13 June 2003

  Author:

    John Burkardt

  Parameters:

    Input, char CH, the decimal digit, '0' through '9' or blank are legal.

    Output, int CH_TO_DIGIT, the corresponding integer value.  If the 
    character was 'illegal', then DIGIT is -1.
*/
{
  int digit;

  if ( '0' <= ch && ch <= '9' )
  {
    digit = ch - '0';
  }
  else if ( ch == ' ' )
  {
    digit = 0;
  }
  else
  {
    digit = -1;
  }

  return digit;
}
/******************************************************************************/

double diaphony_compute ( int dim_num, int point_num, double x[] )

/******************************************************************************/
/*
  Purpose:

    DIAPHONY_COMPUTE evaluates the diaphony of a N-dimensional point set.

  Discussion:

    The diaphony is analogous to, and related to, the discrepancy,
    and is a measure of how well spread a set of point is.

  Licensing:

    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.

  Modified:

    25 January 2012

  Author:

    John Burkardt

  Reference:

    Peter Heelekalek, Harald Niederreiter,
    The Weighted Spectral Test: Diaphony,
    ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation,
    Volume 8, Number 1, January 1998, pages 43-60.

  Parameters:

    Input, int DIM_NUM, the spatial dimension.

    Input, int POINT_NUM, the number of points.

    Input, double X[DIM_NUM*POINT_NUM], the point set, which is
    presumed to lie in the DIM_NUM dimensional unit hypercube.

    Output, double DIAPHONY_COMPUTE, the value of the diaphony.
*/
{
  double bot;
  double d;
  int i;
  int j;
  int k;
  double pi = 3.141592653589793;
  double prod;
  double z;

  d = 0.0;

  for ( i = 0; i < point_num; i++ )
  {
    for ( j = 0; j < point_num; j++ )
    {
      prod = 1.0;
      for ( k = 0; k < dim_num; k++ )
      {
        z = r8_modp ( x[k+i*dim_num] - x[k+j*dim_num], 1.0 );
        prod = prod * ( 1.0 + 2.0 * pi * pi * ( z * z - z + 1.0 / 6.0 ) );
      }
      d = d + prod - 1.0;
    }
  }

  bot = ( double ) i4_power ( point_num, 2 )
    * ( pow ( 1.0 + pi * pi / 3.0, dim_num ) - 1.0 );

  d = d / bot;

  d = sqrt ( d );

  return d;
}
/******************************************************************************/

int file_column_count ( char *input_filename )

/******************************************************************************/
/*
  Purpose:

    FILE_COLUMN_COUNT counts the number of columns in the first line of a file.

  Discussion:

    The file is assumed to be a simple text file.

    Most lines of the file is presumed to consist of COLUMN_NUM words, separated
    by spaces.  There may also be some blank lines, and some comment lines,
    which have a "#" in column 1.

    The routine tries to find the first non-comment non-blank line and
    counts the number of words in that line.

    If all lines are blanks or comments, it goes back and tries to analyze
    a comment line.

  Licensing:

    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. 

  Modified:

    13 June 2003

  Author:

    John Burkardt

  Parameters:

    Input, char *INPUT_FILENAME, the name of the file.

    Output, int FILE_COLUMN_COUNT, the number of columns assumed 
    to be in the file.
*/
{
# define LINE_MAX 255

  int column_num;
  char *error;
  FILE *input;
  int got_one;
  char line[LINE_MAX];
/*
  Open the file.
*/
  input = fopen ( input_filename, "r" );

  if ( !input )
  {
    fprintf ( stderr, "\n" );
    fprintf ( stderr, "FILE_COLUMN_COUNT - Fatal error!\n" );
    fprintf ( stderr, "  Could not open the input file: \"%s\"\n", input_filename );
    exit ( 1 );
  }
/*
  Read one line, but skip blank lines and comment lines.
*/
  got_one = 0;

  for ( ; ; )
  {
    error = fgets ( line, LINE_MAX, input );

    if ( !error )
    {
      break;
    }

    if ( s_len_trim ( line ) == 0 )
    {
      continue;
    }

    if ( line[0] == '#' )
    {
      continue;
    }

    got_one = 1;
    break;

  }

  if ( got_one == 0 )
  {
    fclose ( input );

    input = fopen ( input_filename, "r" );

    for ( ; ; )
    {
      error = fgets ( line, LINE_MAX, input );

      if ( !error )
      {
        break;
      }

      if ( s_len_trim ( line ) == 0 )
      {
        continue;
      }

      got_one = 1;
      break;
    }
  }

  fclose ( input );

  if ( got_one == 0 )
  {
    fprintf ( stderr, "\n" );
    fprintf ( stderr, "FILE_COLUMN_COUNT - Warning!\n" );
    fprintf ( stderr, "  The file does not seem to contain any data.\n" );
    exit ( 1 );
  }

  column_num = s_word_count ( line );

  return column_num;

# undef LINE_MAX
}
/******************************************************************************/

int file_row_count ( char *input_filename )

/******************************************************************************/
/*
  Purpose:

    FILE_ROW_COUNT counts the number of row records in a file.

  Discussion:

    It does not count lines that are blank, or that begin with a
    comment symbol '#'.

  Licensing:

    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. 

  Modified:

    13 June 2003

  Author:

    John Burkardt

  Parameters:

    Input, char *INPUT_FILENAME, the name of the input file.

    Output, int FILE_ROW_COUNT, the number of rows found.
*/
{
# define LINE_MAX 255

  int comment_num;
  char *error;
  FILE *input;
  char line[LINE_MAX];
  int record_num;
  int row_num;

  row_num = 0;
  comment_num = 0;
  record_num = 0;

  input = fopen ( input_filename, "r" );

  if ( !input )
  {
    fprintf ( stderr, "\n" );
    fprintf ( stderr, "FILE_ROW_COUNT - Fatal error!\n" );
    fprintf ( stderr, "  Could not open the input file: \"%s\"\n", input_filename );
    exit ( 1 );
  }

  for ( ; ; )
  {
    error = fgets ( line, LINE_MAX, input );

    if ( !error )
    {
      break;
    }

    record_num = record_num + 1;

    if ( line[0] == '#' )
    {
      comment_num = comment_num + 1;
      continue;
    }

    if ( s_len_trim ( line ) == 0 )
    {
      comment_num = comment_num + 1;
      continue;
    }

    row_num = row_num + 1;
  }

  fclose ( input );

  return row_num;

# undef LINE_MAX
}
/******************************************************************************/

int i4_power ( int i, int j )

/******************************************************************************/
/*
  Purpose:

    I4_POWER returns the value of I^J.

  Licensing:

    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. 

  Modified:

    23 October 2007

  Author:

    John Burkardt

  Parameters:

    Input, int I, J, the base and the power.  J should be nonnegative.

    Output, int I4_POWER, the value of I^J.
*/
{
  int k;
  int value;

  if ( j < 0 )
  {
    if ( i == 1 )
    {
      value = 1;
    }
    else if ( i == 0 )
    {
      fprintf ( stderr, "\n" );
      fprintf ( stderr, "I4_POWER - Fatal error!\n" );
      fprintf ( stderr, "  I^J requested, with I = 0 and J negative.\n" );
      exit ( 1 );
    }
    else
    {
      value = 0;
    }
  }
  else if ( j == 0 )
  {
    if ( i == 0 )
    {
      fprintf ( stderr, "\n" );
      fprintf ( stderr, "I4_POWER - Fatal error!\n" );
      fprintf ( stderr, "  I^J requested, with I = 0 and J = 0.\n" );
      exit ( 1 );
    }
    else
    {
      value = 1;
    }
  }
  else if ( j == 1 )
  {
    value = i;
  }
  else
  {
    value = 1;
    for ( k = 1; k <= j; k++ )
    {
      value = value * i;
    }
  }
  return value;
}
/******************************************************************************/

double r8_abs ( double x )

/******************************************************************************/
/*
  Purpose:

    R8_ABS returns the absolute value of an R8.

  Licensing:

    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.

  Modified:

    07 May 2006

  Author:

    John Burkardt

  Parameters:

    Input, double X, the quantity whose absolute value is desired.

    Output, double R8_ABS, the absolute value of X.
*/
{
  double value;

  if ( 0.0 <= x )
  {
    value = + x;
  }
  else
  {
    value = - x;
  }
  return value;
}
/******************************************************************************/

double r8_modp ( double x, double y )

/******************************************************************************/
/*
  Purpose:

    R8_MODP returns the nonnegative remainder of R8 division.

  Formula:

    If
      REM = R8_MODP ( X, Y )
      RMULT = ( X - REM ) / Y
    then
      X = Y * RMULT + REM
    where REM is always nonnegative.

  Discussion:

    The MOD function computes a result with the same sign as the
    quantity being divided.  Thus, suppose you had an angle A,
    and you wanted to ensure that it was between 0 and 360.
    Then mod(A,360.0) would do, if A was positive, but if A
    was negative, your result would be between -360 and 0.

    On the other hand, R8_MODP(A,360.0) is between 0 and 360, always.

  Example:

        I         J     MOD  R8_MODP   R8_MODP Factorization

      107        50       7       7    107 =  2 *  50 + 7
      107       -50       7       7    107 = -2 * -50 + 7
     -107        50      -7      43   -107 = -3 *  50 + 43
     -107       -50      -7      43   -107 =  3 * -50 + 43

  Licensing:

    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.

  Modified:

    05 May 2006

  Author:

    John Burkardt

  Parameters:

    Input, double X, the number to be divided.

    Input, double Y, the number that divides X.

    Output, double R8_MODP, the nonnegative remainder when X is divided by Y.
*/
{
  double value;

  if ( y == 0.0 )
  {
    fprintf ( stderr, "\n" );
    fprintf ( stderr, "R8_MODP - Fatal error!\n" );
    fprintf ( stderr, "  R8_MODP ( X, Y ) called with Y = %f\n", y );
    exit ( 1 );
  }

  value = x - ( ( double ) ( ( int ) ( x / y ) ) ) * y;

  if ( value < 0.0 )
  {
    value = value + fabs ( y );
  }

  return value;
}
/******************************************************************************/

double *r8mat_data_read ( char *input_filename, int m, int n )

/******************************************************************************/
/*
  Purpose:

    R8MAT_DATA_READ reads the data from an R8MAT file.

  Discussion:

    An R8MAT is an array of R8's.

    The file is assumed to contain one record per line.

    Records beginning with the '#' character are comments, and are ignored.
    Blank lines are also ignored.

    Each line that is not ignored is assumed to contain exactly (or at least)
    M real numbers, representing the coordinates of a point.

    There are assumed to be exactly (or at least) N such records.

  Licensing:

    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. 

  Modified:

    27 January 2005

  Author:

    John Burkardt

  Parameters:

    Input, char *INPUT_FILENAME, the name of the input file.

    Input, int M, the number of spatial dimensions.

    Input, int N, the number of points.  The program
    will stop reading data once N values have been read.

    Output, double R8MAT_DATA_READ[M*N], the data.
*/
{
# define LINE_MAX 255

  int error;
  char *got_string;
  FILE *input;
  int i;
  int j;
  char line[255];
  double *table;
  double *x;

  input = fopen ( input_filename, "r" );

  if ( !input )
  {
    fprintf ( stderr, "\n" );
    fprintf ( stderr, "R8MAT_DATA_READ - Fatal error!\n" );
    fprintf ( stderr, "  Could not open the input file: \"%s\"\n", input_filename );
    exit ( 1 );
  }

  table = ( double * ) malloc ( m * n * sizeof ( double ) );

  x = ( double * ) malloc ( m * sizeof ( double ) );

  j = 0;

  while ( j < n )
  {
    got_string = fgets ( line, LINE_MAX, input );

    if ( !got_string )
    {
      break;
    }

    if ( line[0] == '#' || s_len_trim ( line ) == 0 )
    {
      continue;
    }

    error = s_to_r8vec ( line, m, x );

    if ( error == 1 )
    {
      continue;
    }

    for ( i = 0; i < m; i++ )
    {
      table[i+j*m] = x[i];
    }
    j = j + 1;

  }

  fclose ( input );

  free ( x );

  return table;

# undef LINE_MAX
}
/******************************************************************************/
 
void r8mat_header_read ( char *input_filename, int *m, int *n )
 
/******************************************************************************/
/*
  Purpose:

    R8MAT_HEADER_READ reads the header from an R8MAT file.

  Discussion:

    An R8MAT is an array of R8's.

  Licensing:

    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. 

  Modified:

    04 June 2004

  Author:

    John Burkardt

  Parameters:

    Input, char *INPUT_FILENAME, the name of the input file.

    Output, int *M, the number of spatial dimensions.

    Output, int *N, the number of points.
*/
{
  *m = file_column_count ( input_filename );

  if ( *m <= 0 )
  {
    fprintf ( stderr, "\n" );
    fprintf ( stderr, "R8MAT_HEADER_READ - Fatal error!\n" );
    fprintf ( stderr, "  FILE_COLUMN_COUNT failed.\n" );
    exit ( 1 );
  }

  *n = file_row_count ( input_filename );

  if ( *n <= 0 )
  {
    fprintf ( stderr, "\n" );
    fprintf ( stderr, "R8MAT_HEADER_READ - Fatal error!\n" );
    fprintf ( stderr, "  FILE_ROW_COUNT failed.\n" );
    exit ( 1 );
  }

  return;
}
/******************************************************************************/

double r8mat_max ( int m, int n, double a[] )

/******************************************************************************/
/*
  Purpose:

    R8MAT_MAX returns the maximum entry of an R8MAT.

  Discussion:

    An R8MAT is a doubly dimensioned array of R8 values, stored as a vector
    in column-major order.

  Licensing:

    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.

  Modified:

    21 May 2011

  Author:

    John Burkardt

  Parameters:

    Input, int M, the number of rows in A.

    Input, int N, the number of columns in A.

    Input, double A[M*N], the M by N matrix.

    Output, double R8MAT_MAX, the maximum entry of A.
*/
{
  int i;
  int j;
  double value;

  value = a[0+0*m];

  for ( j = 0; j < n; j++ )
  {
    for ( i = 0; i < m; i++ )
    {
      if ( value < a[i+j*m] )
      {
        value = a[i+j*m];
      }
    }
  }
  return value;
}
/******************************************************************************/

double r8mat_min ( int m, int n, double a[] )

/******************************************************************************/
/*
  Purpose:

    R8MAT_MIN returns the minimum entry of an R8MAT.

  Discussion:

    An R8MAT is a doubly dimensioned array of R8 values, stored as a vector
    in column-major order.

  Licensing:

    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license.

  Modified:

    21 May 2011

  Author:

    John Burkardt

  Parameters:

    Input, int M, the number of rows in A.

    Input, int N, the number of columns in A.

    Input, double A[M*N], the M by N matrix.

    Output, double R8MAT_MIN, the minimum entry of A.
*/
{
  int i;
  int j;
  double value;

  value = a[0+0*m];

  for ( j = 0; j < n; j++ )
  {
    for ( i = 0; i < m; i++ )
    {
      if ( a[i+j*m] < value )
      {
        value = a[i+j*m];
      }
    }
  }
  return value;
}
/******************************************************************************/

int s_len_trim ( char *s )

/******************************************************************************/
/*
  Purpose:

    S_LEN_TRIM returns the length of a string to the last nonblank.

  Licensing:

    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. 

  Modified:

    26 April 2003

  Author:

    John Burkardt

  Parameters:

    Input, char *S, a pointer to a string.

    Output, int S_LEN_TRIM, the length of the string to the last nonblank.
    If S_LEN_TRIM is 0, then the string is entirely blank.
*/
{
  int n;
  char *t;

  n = strlen ( s );
  t = s + strlen ( s ) - 1;

  while ( 0 < n ) 
  {
    if ( *t != ' ' )
    {
      return n;
    }
    t--;
    n--;
  }

  return n;
}
/******************************************************************************/

double s_to_r8 ( char *s, int *lchar, int *error )

/******************************************************************************/
/*
  Purpose:

    S_TO_R8 reads an R8 value from a string.

  Discussion:

    We have had some trouble with input of the form 1.0E-312.
    For now, let's assume anything less than 1.0E-20 is zero.

    This routine will read as many characters as possible until it reaches
    the end of the string, or encounters a character which cannot be
    part of the real number.

    Legal input is:

       1 blanks,
       2 '+' or '-' sign,
       2.5 spaces
       3 integer part,
       4 decimal point,
       5 fraction part,
       6 'E' or 'e' or 'D' or 'd', exponent marker,
       7 exponent sign,
       8 exponent integer part,
       9 exponent decimal point,
      10 exponent fraction part,
      11 blanks,
      12 final comma or semicolon.

    with most quantities optional.

  Example:

    S                 R

    '1'               1.0
    '     1   '       1.0
    '1A'              1.0
    '12,34,56'        12.0
    '  34 7'          34.0
    '-1E2ABCD'        -100.0
    '-1X2ABCD'        -1.0
    ' 2E-1'           0.2
    '23.45'           23.45
    '-4.2E+2'         -420.0
    '17d2'            1700.0
    '-14e-2'         -0.14
    'e2'              100.0
    '-12.73e-9.23'   -12.73 * 10.0**(-9.23)

  Licensing:

    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. 

  Modified:

    24 June 2005

  Author:

    John Burkardt

  Parameters:

    Input, char *S, the string containing the
    data to be read.  Reading will begin at position 1 and
    terminate at the end of the string, or when no more
    characters can be read to form a legal real.  Blanks,
    commas, or other nonnumeric data will, in particular,
    cause the conversion to halt.

    Output, int *LCHAR, the number of characters read from
    the string to form the number, including any terminating
    characters such as a trailing comma or blanks.

    Output, int *ERROR, is TRUE (1) if an error occurred and FALSE (0)
    otherwise.

    Output, double S_TO_R8, the value that was read from the string.
*/
{
  char c;
  int ihave;
  int isgn;
  int iterm;
  int jbot;
  int jsgn;
  int jtop;
  int nchar;
  int ndig;
  double r;
  double rbot;
  double rexp;
  double rtop;
  char TAB = 9;

  nchar = s_len_trim ( s );
  *error = 0;
  r = 0.0;
  *lchar = -1;
  isgn = 1;
  rtop = 0.0;
  rbot = 1.0;
  jsgn = 1;
  jtop = 0;
  jbot = 1;
  ihave = 1;
  iterm = 0;

  for ( ; ; )
  {
    c = s[*lchar+1];
    *lchar = *lchar + 1;
/*
  Blank or TAB character.
*/
    if ( c == ' ' || c == TAB )
    {
      if ( ihave == 2 )
      {
      }
      else if ( ihave == 6 || ihave == 7 )
      {
        iterm = 1;
      }
      else if ( 1 < ihave )
      {
        ihave = 11;
      }
    }
/*
  Comma.
*/
    else if ( c == ',' || c == ';' )
    {
      if ( ihave != 1 )
      {
        iterm = 1;
        ihave = 12;
        *lchar = *lchar + 1;
      }
    }
/*
  Minus sign.
*/
    else if ( c == '-' )
    {
      if ( ihave == 1 )
      {
        ihave = 2;
        isgn = -1;
      }
      else if ( ihave == 6 )
      {
        ihave = 7;
        jsgn = -1;
      }
      else
      {
        iterm = 1;
      }
    }
/*
  Plus sign.
*/
    else if ( c == '+' )
    {
      if ( ihave == 1 )
      {
        ihave = 2;
      }
      else if ( ihave == 6 )
      {
        ihave = 7;
      }
      else
      {
        iterm = 1;
      }
    }
/*
  Decimal point.
*/
    else if ( c == '.' )
    {
      if ( ihave < 4 )
      {
        ihave = 4;
      }
      else if ( 6 <= ihave && ihave <= 8 )
      {
        ihave = 9;
      }
      else
      {
        iterm = 1;
      }
    }
/*
  Exponent marker.
*/
    else if ( ch_eqi ( c, 'E' ) || ch_eqi ( c, 'D' ) )
    {
      if ( ihave < 6 )
      {
        ihave = 6;
      }
      else
      {
        iterm = 1;
      }
    }
/*
  Digit.
*/
    else if ( ihave < 11 && '0' <= c && c <= '9' )
    {
      if ( ihave <= 2 )
      {
        ihave = 3;
      }
      else if ( ihave == 4 )
      {
        ihave = 5;
      }
      else if ( ihave == 6 || ihave == 7 )
      {
        ihave = 8;
      }
      else if ( ihave == 9 )
      {
        ihave = 10;
      }

      ndig = ch_to_digit ( c );

      if ( ihave == 3 )
      {
        rtop = 10.0 * rtop + ( double ) ndig;
      }
      else if ( ihave == 5 )
      {
        rtop = 10.0 * rtop + ( double ) ndig;
        rbot = 10.0 * rbot;
      }
      else if ( ihave == 8 )
      {
        jtop = 10 * jtop + ndig;
      }
      else if ( ihave == 10 )
      {
        jtop = 10 * jtop + ndig;
        jbot = 10 * jbot;
      }
    }
/*
  Anything else is regarded as a terminator.
*/
    else
    {
      iterm = 1;
    }
/*
  If we haven't seen a terminator, and we haven't examined the
  entire string, go get the next character.
*/
    if ( iterm == 1 || nchar <= *lchar + 1 )
    {
      break;
    }

  }
/*
  If we haven't seen a terminator, and we have examined the
  entire string, then we're done, and LCHAR is equal to NCHAR.
*/
  if ( iterm != 1 && (*lchar) + 1 == nchar )
  {
    *lchar = nchar;
  }
/*
  Number seems to have terminated.  Have we got a legal number?
  Not if we terminated in states 1, 2, 6 or 7!
*/
  if ( ihave == 1 || ihave == 2 || ihave == 6 || ihave == 7 )
  {
    *error = 1;
    return r;
  }
/*
  Number seems OK.  Form it.

  We have had some trouble with input of the form 1.0E-312.
  For now, let's assume anything less than 1.0E-20 is zero.
*/
  if ( jtop == 0 )
  {
    rexp = 1.0;
  }
  else
  {
    if ( jbot == 1 )
    {
      if ( jsgn * jtop < -20 )
      {
        rexp = 0.0;
      }
      else
      {
        rexp = pow ( ( double ) 10.0, ( double ) ( jsgn * jtop ) );
      }
    }
    else
    {
      if ( jsgn * jtop < -20 * jbot )
      {
        rexp = 0.0;
      }
      else
      {
        rexp = jsgn * jtop;
        rexp = rexp / jbot;
        rexp = pow ( ( double ) 10.0, ( double ) rexp );
      }
    }

  }

  r = isgn * rexp * rtop / rbot;

  return r;
}
/******************************************************************************/

int s_to_r8vec ( char *s, int n, double rvec[] )

/******************************************************************************/
/*
  Purpose:

    S_TO_R8VEC reads an R8VEC from a string.

  Licensing:

    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. 

  Modified:

    19 February 2001

  Author:

    John Burkardt

  Parameters:

    Input, char *S, the string to be read.

    Input, int N, the number of values expected.

    Output, double RVEC[N], the values read from the string.

    Output, int S_TO_R8VEC, is TRUE (1) if an error occurred and FALSE (0)
    otherwise.
*/
{
  int error;
  int i;
  int lchar;

  error = 0;

  for ( i = 0; i < n; i++ )
  {
    rvec[i] = s_to_r8 ( s, &lchar, &error );

    if ( error )
    {
      return error;
    }

    s = s + lchar;

  }

  return error;
}
/******************************************************************************/

int s_word_count ( char *s )

/******************************************************************************/
/*
  Purpose:

    S_WORD_COUNT counts the number of "words" in a string.

  Licensing:

    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. 

  Modified:

    30 January 2006

  Author:

    John Burkardt

  Parameters:

    Input, char *S, the string to be examined.

    Output, int S_WORD_COUNT, the number of "words" in the string.
    Words are presumed to be separated by one or more blanks.
*/
{
  int blank;
  int word_num;

  word_num = 0;
  blank = 1;

  while ( *s ) 
  {
    if ( *s == ' ' || *s == '\n' )
    {
      blank = 1;
    }
    else if ( blank )
    {
      word_num = word_num + 1;
      blank = 0;
    }
    (*s)++;
  }
  return word_num;
}
/******************************************************************************/

void timestamp ( void )

/******************************************************************************/
/*
  Purpose:

    TIMESTAMP prints the current YMDHMS date as a time stamp.

  Example:

    31 May 2001 09:45:54 AM

  Licensing:

    This code is distributed under the GNU LGPL license. 

  Modified:

    24 September 2003

  Author:

    John Burkardt

  Parameters:

    None
*/
{
# define TIME_SIZE 40

  static char time_buffer[TIME_SIZE];
  const struct tm *tm;
  time_t now;

  now = time ( NULL );
  tm = localtime ( &now );

  strftime ( time_buffer, TIME_SIZE, "%d %B %Y %I:%M:%S %p", tm );

  printf ( "%s\n", time_buffer );

  return;
# undef TIME_SIZE
}